Makasitomala ambiri kudzera pa tsamba lathu la webusayiti kuti afotokozere mtundu wa chikwama cholukidwa ndi mitundu yogwiritsira ntchito, zomwe lero za dongle woven bag xiaobian kufotokoza mtundu wa chikwama cholukidwa ndi mitundu ya ntchito.
Matumba oluka amadziwikanso kuti matumba achikopa cha njoka. Ndi pulasitiki, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakuyika. Zopangira zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala polyethylene, polypropylene ndi zida zina zamapulasitiki. M'munsimu muli mawu oyamba a mitundu ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka matumba oluka.
mtundu
Zopangira zazikulu zopangira zakunja ndi polyethylene (PE), pomwe zida zazikulu zopangira zoweta ndi polypropylene (PP), utomoni wa thermoplastic wokonzedwa ndi ethylene polymerization. Mu mafakitale, ma copolymers a ethylene okhala ndi -olefin ochepa amaphatikizidwanso. Odorless, sanali poizoni, waxy polyethylene, ndi kwambiri otsika kutentha kukana (osachepera ntchito kutentha mpaka -70 ~ 100 ℃), zabwino mankhwala bata, kukana ambiri asidi ndi zamchere dzimbiri (makutidwe ndi okosijeni kugonjetsedwa asidi), insoluble mu zosungunulira ambiri kutentha firiji, otsika mayamwidwe madzi, kwambiri magetsi kutchinjiriza ntchito; Ndi polyethylene (mankhwala ndi kusungunula magetsi) kwa kupsinjika kwa chilengedwe; Mechanical effect) tcheru kwambiri, kukana kukalamba kutentha. The katundu polyethylene amasiyana mitundu mitundu, makamaka kutengera ndi maselo ake ndi kachulukidwe. Zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana (0.91 mpaka 0.96 g / cm3) zitha kupezeka ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira. Polyethylene imatha kukonzedwa ndi njira yodziwika bwino yopangira thermoplastic (onani Kukonza Pulasitiki). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga filimu, mbiya, mapaipi, waya umodzi, waya ndi chingwe, zofunikira za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi zina zotero. Ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale a petrochemical, kupanga polyethylene kwakula mofulumira, kuwerengera pafupifupi kotala la kupanga pulasitiki. Mu 1983, dziko okwana kupanga mphamvu ya polyethylene anali 24.65 Mt, ndi mphamvu zomera akumanga anali 3.16 Mt.
polypropylene
Thermoplastic utomoni wokonzedwa ndi propylene polymerization. Pali masanjidwe atatu a isomorphism yonse, mwachisawawa ndi interisomorphism. Zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala mafakitale ndi homogenous zinthu. Polypropylene imaphatikizansopo ma copolymers a propylene ndi ethylene pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri ndi translucent colorless olimba, zoipa ndi sanali poizoni. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okhazikika komanso kuyera kwakukulu, malo osungunuka amafika 167 ℃. Simatenthedwa ndi kutentha ndipo mankhwalawa amatha kutsekedwa ndi nthunzi. Kachulukidwe ka 0.90 g/cm3 ndiye pulasitiki yopepuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kukana kwa dzimbiri, kulimba kwamphamvu 30 MPa, mphamvu, kukhazikika komanso kuwonekera ndizabwino kuposa polyethylene. Zoyipa zake ndizovuta kukana komanso kukalamba kosavuta pa kutentha kochepa, komwe kumatha kugonjetsedwa ndi kusinthidwa ndi kuwonjezera ma antioxidants motsatana.
Utoto wa zikwama zolukidwa nthawi zambiri umakhala woyera kapena wosayera, wopanda poizoni komanso wopanda kukoma, nthawi zambiri umakhala wosavulaza thupi la munthu. Ngakhale amapangidwa kuchokera ku mapulasitiki amitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndi okonda zachilengedwe komanso otha kubwezeretsedwanso.
Matumba olukidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, makamaka pakuyika zinthu zosiyanasiyana, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani.
Chikwama chapulasitiki choluka chimapangidwa ndi utomoni wa polypropylene, wotuluka ndikutambasulidwa kukhala silika wathyathyathya, kenako amalukidwa m'matumba.
Matumba apulasitiki ophatikizika amapangidwa ndi nsalu zapulasitiki kudzera mumtsinje.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulongedza ufa kapena zida zolimba za granular ndi zolemba zosinthika. Chikwama cha pulasitiki chophatikizika chimagawidwa mu thumba limodzi ndi atatu mu thumba limodzi molingana ndi kapangidwe kake.
Malinga ndi njira yosokera, imatha kugawidwa mu thumba la pansi, thumba la m'mphepete mwa thumba, thumba loyikapo ndi thumba lomangira.
Malinga ndi m'lifupi ogwira thumba, akhoza kugawidwa mu 450, 500, 550, 600, 650 ndi 700 mm. Mafotokozedwe apadera amavomerezedwa ndi wogulitsa ndi wogula.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa ntchito
1. Kuyika matumba azinthu zamakampani ndi zaulimi
Ndi chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matumba chidebe chosinthika, matumba pulasitiki nsalu chidebe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito Marine, mayendedwe ndi ma CD makampani ndi zinthu zaulimi. Matumba opangidwa ndi pulasitiki akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popaka zinthu zaulimi. Matumba opangidwa ndi pulasitiki akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m’zinthu za m’madzi. Kupaka, kulongedza chakudya cha nkhuku, zida zovundikira pafamu, kulima mthunzi wa mbewu, kutetezedwa ndi mphepo, pogona matalala ndi zinthu zina. Zogulitsa wamba: thumba loluka, chikwama choluka chamankhwala, thumba laufa la putty, thumba la urea, thumba la ukonde wamasamba, thumba la ukonde wa zipatso, etc.
2. Kuyika chakudya
Mpunga, ufa ndi ma CD ena chakudya pang'onopang'ono ntchito matumba nsalu. Matumba oluka ambiri ndi awa: matumba oluka mpunga, matumba oluka ufa, matumba oluka chimanga ndi matumba ena.
3. Zoyendera alendo
Mahema osakhalitsa, maambulera, zikwama zoyendayenda ndi zikwama zamakampani okopa alendo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsalu zapulasitiki. Mahema amitundu yosiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati malo ogona
Mahema osakhalitsa, maambulera, zikwama zoyendayenda ndi zikwama zamakampani okopa alendo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsalu zapulasitiki. Mahema amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zovundikira zonyamulira ndi kusungirako, m'malo mwa mahema a thonje olemera komanso akhungu. Mipanda ndi mauna m'nyumba zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri munsalu zapulasitiki. Wamba: matumba opangira zinthu, matumba onyamula katundu. Zonyamula katundu, zonyamula katundu, ndi zina.
Zipangizo zamakono
Chiyambireni chitukuko cha geotextile m'ma 1980, gawo logwiritsira ntchito nsalu zapulasitiki lakhala likukulirakulira, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posungira madzi ang'onoang'ono, mphamvu yamagetsi, misewu yayikulu, njanji, doko, kumanga migodi ndi kumanga asilikali. M'mapulojekitiwa, ma geosynthetics ali ndi ntchito zosefera, ngalande, kulimbikitsa, kudzipatula ndi kuwongolera madzi. Plastic geotextiles ndi amodzi mwa geotextiles opangidwa.
Zida zoletsa kusefukira kwa madzi
Matumba olukidwa ndi ofunikira poletsa kusefukira kwa madzi. Ndiwofunikanso kwambiri pomanga mizati, mitsinje, njanji ndi misewu. Ndi matumba oteteza ku chilala, matumba oteteza ku chilala ndi matumba otchinga madzi osefukira.
Pamwambapa pali zopangira zing'onozing'ono za aliyense amene amamaliza mtundu wa chikwama cholukidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito maupangiri ofananirako, kudzera pakugawana zomwe zili, mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa matumba oluka ali ndi chidziwitso china, ngati mukufuna kulowa mozama muthumba lazidziwitso zamsika, mutha kulumikizana ndi wogulitsa kukampani yathu, kapena kum'mawa ndi thumba loluka lomwe likukambidwa papepala lomwe likukambidwa, kukambirana uku kumakambidwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-03-2020