Abathengi abaninzi ngewebhusayithi yethu bafowunele ukubona uhlobo lwengxowa elukiweyo kunye noluhlu lwesicelo, ukuba namhlanje i-dongle ephothiweyo ibhegi i-xiaobian ukuchaza uhlobo lwebhegi elukiweyo kunye noluhlu lwesicelo.
Iingxowa ezinithiweyo zikwabizwa ngokuba ziingxowa zesikhumba senyoka. Yiplastiki, esetyenziselwa ukupakisha. Izinto zayo ekrwada ngokubanzi i-polyethylene, i-polypropylene kunye nezinye iikhemikhali zeplastiki imathiriyeli ekrwada. Oku kulandelayo sisingeniso kwiintlobo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweengxowa ezilukiweyo.
uhlobo
Eyona nto iphambili yokuveliswa kwemveliso yangaphandle yi-polyethylene (PE), ngelixa izinto eziphambili zemveliso yasekhaya yi-polypropylene (PP), i-resin thermoplastic elungiselelwe yi-ethylene polymerization. Kwishishini, ii-copolymers ze-ethylene ezinexabiso elincinci le-olefin nazo zibandakanyiwe. Ivumba, non-ityhefu, polyethylene waxy, kunye nokuxhathisa ubushushu esezantsi kakhulu (ubuncinane ubushushu ukusebenza ukuya kuthi ga -70 ~ 100℃), uzinzo kakuhle imichiza, ukumelana umhlwa uninzi acid kunye nealkali (asidi oxidation ukumelana), ezinganyibilikiyo kwizinyibilikisi jikelele kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, ukufunxa amanzi aphantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle ukugquma kombane; I-polyethylene (ikhemikhali kunye ne-insulation yombane) yoxinzelelo lwendalo; Mechanical effect) ubuthathaka kakhulu, ukunganyangeki kakuhle ekugugeni kobushushu. Iimpawu ze-polyethylene ziyahlukahluka kwiintlobo ukuya kwiintlobo, ngokukodwa kuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo sayo se-molecular kunye nobuninzi. Iimveliso ezinobunzima obuhlukeneyo (0.91 ukuya kwi-0.96 g / cm3) zinokufumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa. I-Polyethylene inokucutshungulwa yinkqubo eqhelekileyo yokwenza i-thermoplastic (jonga i-Plastic processing). Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni ifilim, izikhongozeli, imibhobho, ucingo olunye, ucingo kunye nentambo, iimfuno zemihla ngemihla, njl njl. Ngophuhliso lweshishini le-petrochemical, ukuveliswa kwe-polyethylene kuye kwaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza, kubalwa malunga nekota yemveliso yeplastiki epheleleyo. Kwi-1983, amandla emveliso yehlabathi jikelele ye-polyethylene yayiyi-24.65 Mt, kwaye umthamo wesityalo esakhiwayo wawuyi-3.16 Mt.
polypropylene
I-resin ye-Thermoplastic elungiselelwe yi-propylene polymerization. Kukho ulungelelwaniso oluthathu lwe-isomorphism iyonke, i-random kunye ne-interisomorphism. Amacandelo aphambili kwiimveliso zoshishino zizinto ezilinganayo. I-Polypropylene iquka i-copolymers yepropylene kunye nenani elincinci le-ethylene. Idla ngokuba yi-translucent colorless solid, incasa kwaye ayinayo ityhefu. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esiqhelekileyo kunye nekristali ephezulu, indawo yokunyibilika ifikelela kwi-167 ℃. Iyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu kwaye imveliso inokuvalwa ngomphunga. Ubuninzi be-0.90 g/cm3 yeyona plastiki ilula kwindalo iphela. Ukumelana nokubola, amandla okuqina angama-30 MPa, amandla, ukuqina kunye nokungafihli ngcono kune-polyethylene. Ukungalungi kukuxhathisa impembelelo ephantsi kunye nokuguga okulula kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, elinokoyiswa ngokuguqulwa kunye nokongezwa kwee-antioxidants ngokulandelanayo.
Umbala weebhegi ezilukiweyo umhlophe okanye ungekho mhlophe, awunatyhefu kwaye awunancasa, ungabinabungozi kangako emzimbeni womntu. Nangona zenziwe ngeendidi zeplastiki zekhemikhali, zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe.
Iingxowa ezilukiweyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulu ukupakisha izinto ezahlukeneyo, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino.
Isingxobo esilukiweyo seplastiki senziwe nge-polypropylene resin, yakhutshwa kwaye yolulelwe kwisilika ecaba, emva koko ilukwe kwiingxowa.
Iingxowa zeplastiki ezihlanganisiweyo zenziwe ngelaphu leplastiki ngokusebenzisa umsinga.
Isetyenziselwa ukupakisha umgubo okanye izinto eziqinileyo zegranular kunye namanqaku aguqukayo. Ingxowa yeplastiki ehlanganisiweyo yohlulwe ibe zimbini kwingxowa enye kunye nezintathu kwingxowa enye ngokwendlela yokwenziwa kwezinto eziphambili.
Ngokwendlela yokuthunga, inokwahlulwa ibe yingxowa ephantsi yokuthunga, isikhwama somphetho wokuthunga, ukufaka isikhwama kunye nebhegi yokuthunga.
Ngokuxhomekeke kububanzi obusebenzayo besikhwama, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-450, 500, 550, 600, 650 kunye ne-700 mm. Iinkcukacha ezikhethekileyo kuvunyelwana ngazo ngumthengisi kunye nomthengi.
Uluhlu lwesicelo
1. Ukupakishwa kweengxowa zeemveliso zoshishino kunye nezolimo
Ngophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweengxowa eziguquguqukayo zesikhongozeli, iingxowa zeplastiki ezilukiweyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiMarine, ukuthutha kunye neshishini lokupakisha kunye neemveliso zezolimo. Iingxowa ezilukiweyo zePlastiki zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni iimveliso zezolimo. Iingxowa ezilukiweyo zeplastiki zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso zasemanzini. Ukupakishwa, ukupakishwa kokutya kweenkukhu, izinto zokugquma efama, ukukhuliswa kwezityalo ezikhuselweyo, ukuthintela umoya, indawo yokukhusela isichotho kunye nezinye izinto. Iimveliso eziqhelekileyo: ingxowa ephothiweyo, ibhegi ephothiweyo, ibhegi ephothiweyo, ibhegi elukiweyo ye-urea, ibhegi yemifuno, ibhegi yeziqhamo, njl.
2. Ukupakishwa kokutya
Irayisi, umgubo kunye nezinye iipakethe zokutya ngokuthe ngcembe zisebenzisa iingxowa ezilukiweyo. Iingxowa ezilukiweyo eziqhelekileyo zezi: iingxowa ezilukiweyo zerayisi, iingxowa ezilukiweyo zomgubo, iingxowa ezilukiweyo zombona kunye nezinye ezilukiweyo.
3. Izithuthi zokhenketho
Iintente zethutyana, iiambrela, iingxowa zokuhamba kunye neebhegi kushishino lwezokhenketho zisetyenziselwa amalaphu alukwe ngeplastiki. Iintente zeentlobo ngeentlobo zisetyenziswa kakhulu njengeendawo zokuhlala
Iintente zethutyana, iiambrela, iingxowa zokuhamba kunye neebhegi kushishino lwezokhenketho zisetyenziselwa amalaphu alukwe ngeplastiki. Iintente zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengezinto ezigqumayo zokuthutha nokugcinwa, zithatha indawo yeentente zomqhaphu ezinzima nezingundayo. Iingcingo kunye nemesh kwizakhiwo zikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kumalaphu eplastiki. Okuqhelekileyo: iingxowa zolungiselelo, iingxowa zokupakisha izinto. Iipakethe zempahla, iipakethe zempahla, njl.
Izixhobo zobunjineli
Ukusukela ekuphuhlisweni kwe-geotextile ngeminyaka yee-1980s, ibala lesicelo selaphu elilukiweyo leplastiki liye landiswa, lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwindawo yokugcina amanzi amancinci, amandla ombane, uhola wendlela, uloliwe, izibuko, ukwakhiwa kwemigodi kunye nokwakhiwa komkhosi. Kwezi projekthi, i-geosynthetics inemisebenzi yokucoca, i-drainage, ukuqinisa, ukuhlukaniswa kunye nokulawulwa kwe-seepage. I-geotextiles yeplastiki yenye yee-geotextiles zokwenziwa.
Izinto zokulawula izikhukula
Iingxowa ezilukiweyo zibalulekile kulawulo lweempuphuma. Zikwabalulekile ekwakhiweni kongqameko, imilambo, oololiwe kunye neendlela. Ziingxowa ezilukiweyo zolwazi, iingxowa ezichasene nembalela kunye neengxowa ezilukiweyo zokulwa nesikhukula.
Ngaphezulu kuncinci ukwenza kwakhe wonke umntu ogqiba uhlobo lwebhegi elukiweyo kunye nomda wokusetyenziswa kokubonisana okunxulumeneyo, ngokwabelana ngomxholo, uhlobo kunye noluhlu lwesicelo seengxowa ezilukiweyo zinolwazi oluthile, ukuba ufuna ukungena nzulu kwisingxobo solwazi lwentengiso, ungaqhakamshelana nomthengisi kwinkampani yethu, okanye empuma kunye nebhegi elukiweyo kwindawo ekuxoxwa kuyo kuphando lonxibelelwano, kolu nxibelelwano luhlangeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-03-2020