Ndi ambiri ntchito PP matumba pulasitiki nsalu, buku kupangaPP matumba olukakuchuluka, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa zinyalala matumba. Kubwezeretsanso matumba otayirawa ndi njira yabwino yochepetsera ndalama zopangira, kuteteza chilengedwe, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira zinthu. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, opanga ambiri achita kafukufuku m'derali.
Zokambiranazi zikuyang'ana kwambiri pakubwezeretsanso kwaPP matumba oluka. Zowonongeka zimatanthawuza zinyalala za PP zapulasitiki zoyenera kupangaPP matumba oluka. Iyi ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito zinyalala zamitundumitundu yokhala ndi zofunika kwambiri; sichingasakanizidwe ndi mitundu ina ya pulasitiki, ndipo sichingakhale ndi matope, mchenga, zonyansa, kapena zonyansa zamakina. Mndandanda wake wosungunuka uyenera kukhala mkati mwa 2-5 (osati mapulasitiki onse a PP omwe ali oyenera). Magwero ake amakhala pawiri: zinyalala za PP nsalu kupanga thumba ndi zobwezerezedwanso zinyalala matumba PP, monga matumba feteleza, matumba chakudya, matumba mchere, etc.
2. Njira Zobwezeretsanso
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zobwezeretsanso: kusungunula kwa pellet ndi extrusion granulation, ndi extrusion granulation kukhala yofala kwambiri. Njira za njira zonsezi ndi izi.
2.1 Sungunulani Granulation Njira
Zinyalala - kusankha ndi kuchapa - kuyanika - kudula m'mizere -- granulation yothamanga kwambiri (kudyetsa - kuchepetsa kutentha - kupopera madzi - granulation) Kutulutsa ndi kulongedza.
2.2 Njira Yowonjezera Granulation
Zinyalala - kusankha - kuchapa -- kuyanika -- kudula mu mizere -- heat extrusion - kuziziritsa ndi pelletizing -- kuyika.
Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu njira ya extrusion ndizodzipangira zokha ziwiri zowonjezera. Kuchotsa mpweya kwaiye pa zinyalala zinthu extrusion, ndi wotuluka extruder angagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Kuti muchotse zonyansa pazinyalala, chophimba cha 80-120 mesh chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa extruder discharge. The ndondomeko zinthu zobwezerezedwanso extrusion zikuwonetsedwa mu tebulo.
Kutentha kwa extruder kuyenera kuyendetsedwa bwino, osati pamwamba kapena kutsika kwambiri. Kutentha kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale zokalamba komanso zachikasu, kapena ngakhale carbonize ndikukhala zakuda, zomwe zidzakhudza kwambiri mphamvu ndi maonekedwe a pulasitiki; Kutentha kosakwanira kumapangitsa kuti pulasitiki isamayende bwino, kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono, kapenanso kusatulutsa zakuthupi, ndipo kumakonda kuwononga chophimba chosefera. Kutentha koyenera kobwezerezedwanso koyenera kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kutengera zotsatira za melt flow index pagulu lililonse la zinyalala zobwezerezedwanso zomwe zayesedwa ndikuyesedwa.
3. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zowonongeka ndi Zomwe Zimagwira pa PP Bag Performance: Kukalamba kwa kutentha panthawi ya pulasitiki kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito, makamaka pamatumba opangidwa ndi PP opangidwanso omwe adutsa njira ziwiri kapena zambiri zotentha. Kuphatikizidwa ndi ukalamba wa UV mukamagwiritsa ntchito musanabwezeretse, magwiridwe antchito amawonongeka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake,PP matumba olukasungagwiritsidwenso ntchito mpaka kalekale. Ngati zida zobwezerezedwanso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zokha kupanga matumba a PP, zitha kusinthidwanso katatu. Popeza n'zovuta kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zakonzedwanso, kuonetsetsa kuti thumba la PP limakhala labwino, ngakhale matumba omwe ali ndi zofunikira zochepa, chisakanizo cha namwali ndi zipangizo zobwezerezedwanso ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Chiŵerengero cha kusakaniza chiyenera kutsimikiziridwa potengera deta yeniyeni ya kuyeza kwa zipangizo ziwiri. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zobwezerezedwanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumakhudza mwachindunji mtundu wa thonje lathyathyathya la PP. Maonekedwe a matumba oluka amatengera kulimba kwachibale komanso kutalika kwa ulusi wathyathyathya. Muyezo wa dziko lonse (GB8946-88) umatchula mphamvu ya ulusi wathyathyathya > = 0.03 N/denier ndi kutalika kwa 15% -30%. Chifukwa chake, popanga, pafupifupi 40% zobwezerezedwanso zimawonjezeredwa. Kutengera mtundu wa zinthu zobwezerezedwanso, izi zitha kuonjezedwa mpaka 50% -60%. Ngakhale kuwonjezera zinthu zobwezerezedwanso kumachepetsa ndalama zopangira, zimasokoneza mtundu wa thumba. Choncho, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zobwezerezedwanso zomwe zawonjezeredwa ziyenera kukhala zoyenera, kuonetsetsa kuti zili bwino. 4. Kusintha kwa ndondomeko yojambula pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito: Chifukwa cha kutentha mobwerezabwereza komanso ukalamba wa UV pakugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, ndondomeko yosungunuka ya PP yowonjezeredwa imawonjezeka ndi ndondomeko iliyonse yokonza. Choncho, powonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zobwezerezedwanso kwa namwali zakuthupi, kutentha extruder, kufa mutu kutentha, ndi kutambasula ndi kuika kutentha ayenera moyenerera adatsitsidwa poyerekeza ndi namwali zakuthupi. Kusintha kwachulukidwe kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa poyesa mlozera wosungunula wa zinthu zatsopano komanso zosinthidwanso. Kumbali ina, chifukwa zinthu zobwezerezedwanso zimadutsa masitepe angapo pokonza, kulemera kwawo kwa mamolekyu kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale unyolo wochuluka wa mamolekyu afupiafupi, ndipo adutsanso njira zingapo zotambasulira ndikuwongolera. Choncho, popanga, chiwerengero chotambasula chiyenera kukhala chochepa kusiyana ndi chamtundu womwewo wa namwali. Nthawi zambiri, chiŵerengero cha kutambasula zinthu namwali ndi 4-5 nthawi, pamene kuwonjezera 40% zobwezerezedwanso zakuthupi, nthawi zambiri 3-4. Momwemonso, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kwa zinthu zobwezerezedwanso, kukhuthala kumachepa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa extrusion kumawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa liwiro lomwelo wononga ndi kutentha, liwiro lojambula liyenera kukhala lothamanga pang'ono. Pakusakanikirana kwa zipangizo zatsopano ndi zakale, ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kusakanikirana kofanana; nthawi yomweyo, zopangira zokhala ndi zofananira zosungunuka ziyenera kusankhidwa kuti ziphatikizidwe. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa ma indices osungunuka ndi kutentha kwa kutentha kumatanthauza kuti zipangizo ziwirizi sizingapangidwe pulasitiki panthawi imodzi panthawi ya plasticizing extrusion, zomwe zidzakhudza kwambiri kuthamanga kwa extrusion kutambasula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri, kapena kupanga kupanga kosatheka.
Monga tanena kale, zobwezerezedwanso ndi kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kwaPPnsalumatumbandi zotheka kwathunthu ndi kusankha mosamala zinthu, kamangidwe koyenera, ndi kuwongolera koyenera komanso kolondola kwamayendedwe. Sichidzakhudza khalidwe la mankhwala, ndipo phindu lachuma ndilofunika kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-13-2025